Category: 1960-1964

“Got My Mojo Working” (1960) – Muddy Waters * Written by McKinley Morganfield * LP: Muddy Waters At Newport 1960 * Label: Chess

Muddy Waters’s canonized At Newport 1960 album can’t shake a lingering strangeness. The cover depicts the blues giant, who otherwise played at Smitty’s Corner at smoky midnight in Chicago’s south side, serenading an audience against an afternoon sky. The quiet crowd responses confirm what you imagine—that the audience is a polite, buttoned-down sort. On side 2, when Waters first sings “I got my mojo working, but it just won’t work on you,” he may have been wondering if he was experiencing one of the realest scenarios for those words. The mojo eventually does get working, though, as the crowd livens up. They had other reasons for their reserved behavior, it turns out. As the liner notes explain: some “beer-inflamed youngsters” had disrupted Ray Charles’s show the day before, causing a riot that involved the National Guard, and forced the cancellation of the rest of the festival except for Waters’s Sunday afternoon slot. The link below takes you to actual footage of the song, complete with Waters dancing the jitterbug at the end. (“Got My Mojo Working” is credited on the album to McKinley Morganfield, aka Muddy Waters, but the copyright actually belongs to Preston “Red” Foster, a matter that had later been settled out of court.)

“I’m a Little Mixed Up” (1961) – Betty James * Written by Betty James and Clarence Johnson * 45: “I’m a Little Mixed Up” / “Help Me to Find My Love” * Produced by Clarence Johnson and Joe Evans * Label: Cee Jay/Chess

The story goes that Cee Jay label owners Clarence Johnson and Joe Evans heard Betty James in a Baltimore night club and got her in the studio post haste. At the club they’d probably heard something similar to “I’m a Little Mixed Up,” with its crackling guitar hook, courtesy of a man we only know as “Betty James’s husband.” The resulting single became a regional hit and got picked up by Chess Records to become a part of its abundant legacy. The rest is murky history—James would only record one more single in 1966, also with Chess. (She released a single previous to “I’m a Little Mixed Up” with another label in 1960 under her real name, Nadine Renaye). James is apparently still alive, and if so, that should help you look past your “just leave it alone” response to Diana Krall’s 2012 cover and feel glad that money’s being made for her as the co-writer. A Louisville singer named Cosmo kicked up the guitar line to radioactive levels in his own 1961 cover version with a band called the Carnations.

“No More Auction Block” (1964) – The Goldebriars * Traditional arrangement by the Goldebriars * LP: The Goldebriars  * Produced by Bob Morgan * Label: Epic

“No More Auction Block,” also known as “Many Years Gone,” is a slavery song that’s been traced back to the 1830s as a possible musical rephrasing of the Roman Catholic hymn “O Sanctissima.” The early sixties folk revivalists knew the song, with Bob Dylan even reshaping the melody into his own “Blowin’ in the Wind.” (You can hear him do a 1962 live version of “No More Auction Block” on the first volume of his Bootleg series.) In 1964, a version of the song appeared on the debut album by the Goldebriars, a short-lived quartet who were led by Curt Boettcher before he’d gain lasting sunshine-pop cult status through his work with The Millennium and Sagittarius. Critics of folk revivalists complain about the sparkling sheen they imposed on traditional song, but here’s an example where such polish, with voices that meshed uncannily, equaled beauty.

“I Found a Love” (1962) – The Falcons * Written by Wilson Pickett, Willie Schofield, and Robert West * 45: “Swim” / “Lu Pine” * Label: Lu Pine

Guitarist Steve Cropper has been quoted as having taken inspiration for “In the Midnight Hour” from one of Pickett’s gospel tracks, in which he sings, near the end, “I want to see Jesus in the midnight hour!” It’s almost certain he was thinking of this track, though, which sounds gospel and features Pickett saying at 2:25, “and sometimes I call in the midnight hour!” The only record Pickett had appeared on before the Falcons (who also included Eddie Floyd and Mack Rice) was called “Sign of the Judgement” (1957), in which he sang second lead with the Violinaires in Detroit, featuring nothing Cropper could have even misheard that way. (Tony Fletcher, in his In the Midnight Hour: The Life and Soul of Wilson Pickett, dispels other rumors that Pickett had recorded with a group called The Spiritual Five.)

“Alley-Oop” (1961) – The Hollywood Argyles * Written by Dallas Frazier * 45: “Alley Oop” / “Sho’ Know a Lot About Love” * Arranged by Gary (Flip) Paxton * Label: Lute

Inspired by the neanderthal comic strip that first appeared in newspapers in 1932, “Alley-Oop” trudged all the way to Billboard‘s #1 slot with the sort of inspired dementia that’s crucial to pop music’s very vitality. The record came to life thanks to the team of Gary Paxton, who is credited on the label as arranger, and LA pop scenester/dark lord Kim Fowley, whom Paxton has credited as co-producer (although he doesn’t appear on the label). Written by future Nashville Songwriter Hall of Famer Dallas Frazier, the record especially benefited from Paxton’s bored hepcat vocal, which increased in brilliance as the song faded (“Heil dinosaw-wuh”). Although an alternate story that a Rochester poet named Norm Davis actually did the vocal in Las Vegas has gotten legs, other Paxton tracks, such as one called “Spookie Movies,” contain a voice that matches the Hollywood Argyles record, while a comparison with Davis’s speaking voice doesn’t hold up. 

“Shut Down” (1963) – The Beach Boys *  Written by Brian Wilson and Roger Christian * 45: “Surfin’ USA” / “Shut Down” * LP: Surfin’ USA * Produced by Nick Venet * Label: Capitol
 
Side B of the Beach Boys’ #3 hit “Surfin’ USA” (and reaching #23 on its own merits) sported one of their quintessential hot rod tracks, fully equipped with terminology by gearhead DJ Roger Christian. It’s sung from the point of view of the driver of a ’63 Chevy Sting Ray, with its new, high-performance fuel-injected engine, facing off against a ’62 Dodge Dart that rumbles with a Max Wedge engine (called a “413” for its cubic-inch measurement). The implication at the end is that the Chevy “shuts down” the Dodge. Brian Wilson’s chorus hooks and harmonies tweak the 12-bar blues in a musical approximation of technical ingenuity.

“Acknowledgment” (1964) – John Coltrane * Written by John Coltrane * LP: A Love Supreme * Producer: Bob Thiele * Label: Impulse

All seven-plus minutes of the opening track on John Coltrane’s heady jazz touchstone A Love Supreme sound like the prelude to something big. The album is a four-part suite, like an Indian raga. When “Acknowledgment” begins with Coltrane’s sax sounding like the calls of some mythological bird, one envisions temple gates swinging open, audiences kneeling, and presentations of floral offerings. Then Jimmy Garrison’s bass groove floats in, after which the improv gushes forth like expressions of devotion, and the “love supreme” chant brings it all to a mystical fade. It’s only the intro, but you’ll remember it as the album’s heart. (McCoy Tyner: piano; Elvin Jones: drums.)

“Los ejes de mi carreta” (1960) – Atahualpa Yupanqui * Written by Romildo Risso and Atahualpa Yupanqui * LP: Canto y guittara, no. 7 (Argentina) * Label: Odeon

Adopting the names of two Incan kings for himself, Atahualpa Yupanqui (Hector Roberto Chavero Aramburo) was one of Argentina’s top-tier troubadours whose somewhat complicated political history never compromised his humanistic messages. “Los ejes de mi carreta” (“The Axles of My Cart”) is a poem by Uruguayan poet Romildo Risso that Yupanqui set to music. “Because I do not grease the axles I am called a fool,” go the words, taking the point of view of a wagon-toting worker. “[But] it is far too boring to follow the track with nothing to entertain me.”

“Shut Down, Part II” (1964) – The Beach Boys * Written by Carl Wilson * LP: Shut Down Volume 2 * Produced by Brian Wilson * Label: Capitol

The Beach Boys circa 1963-64, with young guitar sharp David Marks on board, could showcase slick guitar instrumentals, and the title track (sorta) of the Shut Down Volume 2 album was the last of its kind in the band’s catalog. Although he was out of the band by the time of the cover shoot and although it’s not clear if he actually played on this song, Marks’s marks are all over it. The only direct similarity between “Shut Down, Part II” and “Shut Down” are the sax blasts that lead off the former but appear in the latter’s bridge.